What legislation adopted annexes I, II, and V of the MARPOL agreement into national rules?

The Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships, enacted in 1980, was significant because it implemented the provisions of the MARPOL agreement into U.S. law. This act specifically addressed the protection of marine environments by regulating the discharge of pollutants from ships, aligning domestic regulations with international standards set forth in the MARPOL treaty. Annexes I and II deal with oil and noxious liquid substances, while Annex V focuses on garbage management from ships.

This legislation ensures that the U.S. adheres to international maritime environmental norms by incorporating key elements of the MARPOL convention, thereby contributing to the protection of the marine ecosystem. It paved the way for better enforcement of pollution standards and penalties for non-compliance, enhancing maritime safety and environmental protection. The other options, while relevant to environmental protection, do not specifically address the incorporation of MARPOL annexes into national law in the same direct manner.